An Explorative Methodology to Assess the Risk of Fire and Human Fatalities in a Subway Station Using Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS)

Subway transportation is one of the most prevalent urban methods globally. Millions people around globe use this medium as their mode daily. However, subway stations may be highly prone to fire, smoke, or explosion accidents. The safety using demands a robust and practical framework assess fire hazards risks. This study provides methodology risk at station. integrates fault tree analysis (FTA) fuzzy conduct comprehensive assessment. An integrated numerical model temperature fatality rate was developed probit correlations for various exposure scenarios. dynamics simulator (FDS) probability distribution casualties caused by fire. To demonstrate operationalization model, Line 1 Harbin Metro, located in China, used case study. Results show 42% having reveal highest 6.2% when evacuation time exceeds 200 s. research helps us understand spread smoke due helpful protection engineers, managers, local departments develop contingency plan deal with